ENDO — 30-Minute Revision

Pulp & Pain

• Cause of pulpitis → Dental caries

• Sharp pain → A-delta fibers, Dull pain → C fibers

• Resistant pulp → Radicular pulp

• Pulp polyp → Chronic hyperplastic pulpitis

• Necrotic pulp → No response to vitality tests

Pulp Tests

• Routine vitality → Electric pulp test

• Cold → lingering pain → Irreversible pulpitis

• Heat → +ve → Irreversible pulpitis

• True vitality → Laser Doppler

Working Length & Canal

• Working length → Reference point → apical constriction

• Apical constriction → Minor diameter

• WL determination → Radiograph + apex locator

• Glide path → Smooth coronal → apex tunnel

• Canal patency → Keep apex debris-free

Instrumentation

• Step-back → Incremental filing

• Crown-down → Coronal → apical

• Watch-winding → Short CW–CCW motion

• NiTi → Rotary files

• Common fracture → Torsion

• Ideal canal → Continuously tapering funnel

• Ledge → Deviation from canal path

• Transportation → Outer curve dentin removal

Irrigation

• NaOCl → Dissolves tissue + disinfects (0.5–5.25%)

• EDTA → Smear layer removal

• Chlorhexidine → Substantivity

• Open apex → Avoid NaOCl

Obturation

• Material → Gutta-percha

• Cold → Lateral condensation

• Heat → Warm vertical compaction

• Resin sealer → AH Plus

• Ideal property → Biocompatible

• Apical limit → 0.5–1 mm short of apex

Intracanal Medicament

• Common → Calcium hydroxide

• Weeping canals → Ca(OH)₂

• Apexification → Ca(OH)₂ / MTA

• Apexogenesis → Vital tooth, continued root growth

Resorption

• Internal → Ballooning of canal

• External → Irregular root surface

Periapical Lesions

• Phoenix abscess → Acute flare of chronic lesion

• Chronic lesion → Periapical granuloma

• Non-vital cyst → Radicular cyst

Anatomy

• Most canals → Maxillary 1st molar

• Hardest canal → MB2

Trauma & Errors

• Cracked tooth → Bite test

• Perforation repair → MTA

• Most common failure → Incomplete cleaning/obturation

Rubber Dam

• Purpose → Isolation & asepsis

• Common molar clamp → 14A

High-Yield Mantra → Locate → Clean → Shape → Disinfect → Seal | Fail one → RCT fails

ENDO MDS — 1-2 Min Rapid Revision

• Pulpitis: Cause → Dental caries; Sharp → A-delta; Dull → C fibers; Resistant → Radicular pulp; Necrosis → No vitality.

• Vitality Tests: Electric pulp test; Cold → lingering → Irreversible; Heat → Irreversible; True → Laser Doppler.

• Working Length: Reference → Apical constriction (minor diameter); WL → Radiograph + Apex locator; Glide path → smooth coronal→apex; Patency → debris-free apex.

• Instrumentation: Step-back → incremental; Crown-down → coronal→apical; Watch-winding → short CW-CCW; NiTi → rotary; Fracture → torsion; Ideal canal → tapering funnel; Ledge → deviation; Transportation → outer curve dentin removal.

• Irrigation: NaOCl → dissolve tissue & disinfect (0.5–5.25%); EDTA → smear layer; CHX → substantivity; Open apex → avoid NaOCl.

• Obturation: Gutta-percha; Cold → lateral condensation; Heat → warm vertical; Resin sealer → AH Plus; Biocompatible; Apical limit → 0.5–1 mm short.

• Intracanal Medicament: Calcium hydroxide → common & weeping canals; Apexification → Ca(OH)₂/MTA; Apexogenesis → vital tooth, root continues.

• Resorption: Internal → ballooning canal; External → irregular root.

• Periapical Lesions: Phoenix → acute flare; Chronic → granuloma; Non-vital cyst → radicular cyst.

• Anatomy: Max canals → max 1st molar; Hardest → MB2.

• Trauma & Errors: Cracked → bite test; Perforation → MTA repair; Fail → incomplete cleaning/obturation.

• Rubber Dam: Isolation & asepsis; Molar clamp → 14A.

Mantra: Locate → Clean → Shape → Disinfect → Seal | Fail one → RCT fails